I would say that it's more like your first 10k different photographic compositions/subjects.
From there, I agree that you really learn in the editing.
Once you sit down and go searching through that burst for the perfect or otherwise usable photo of that burst, you start to notice the small things: the slight detail changes at the edges, what may have transpired between captures, how a light source that changes in milliseconds can affect the overall feeling.
It took me about 2.5 years to reach that point. Shooting at different times of the day, different seasons. Countless hours tweaking levels and cropping in Photoshop, Capture One, etc. Lots of changes in gear: UV/haze filters, circular polarizers, tripods, zoom lenses, prime lenses. Flashes, reflectors, gray cards. Exploring the different modes on my camera, Magic Lantern firmware, etc.
It all counts. But the post processing is the crucial part of the feedback loop.
same as what you are indicating here. Deliberate / mindful practice leads to significant improvement.
I agree with the need to edit for improvement - meditating on your composition and lighting will ingrain better camera habits for the next round of snaps.
Personally, taking analog photos with an exposure meter taught me about good exposure. Measuring exposure takes time, but it's a great learning process.
Instead of taking 10 000 photos, then sifting through them, and then editing them... Take 1000 photos, but take the time to take them: wait for the right moment, come closer, step to the right, anticipate a moment, find great in the mundane. This will make you an infinitely better photographer.
But taking those photos is not enough — it’s in the editing of those first 10,000 photos that you will find the hidden photographer in you.
Photography is a lot like writing code: you can create something that does the job, but does not do it beautifully. You can keep on creating until creating beauty becomes easier.