I went from working as the annoying guy asking for tests and docs to the manager and we saw a huge improvement in performance, feature release and a reduction in bugs hitting prod. I can attest their way does not work just fine.
I think having advocates or evangelists within the company is important also, people who can interject "good answer, I think it would be valuable to copy this in a document for the next time someone asks"
Engineering entails a lot of secretarial work that has been "streamlined" by expecting engineers to do it themselves rather than employing professional secretaries to do so. The end result is that it is often left un-done.
The "enforcers" you talk about are basically secretaries, no? Trained individuals with enough understanding of the work at hand to record and file it in a context-aware manner.
Reminds me of the "surgical team" model from The Mythical Man Month [1] wherein there is a suite of people provided to every engineer to minimise their work outside of design and implementation. (At least that's how I remember it, it's a few years since I read it)
There must be people who sole role in the company is to spend time on each team (in sequence) trying to follow or review their docs and get X running "like the docs say"
This group of enforcers will contain a variety of people from tech, legal, customer service, and other backgrounds who can spot trash (in their area of expertise) when they see it.