Property based testing is quite common for compilers, I think. Generate valid programs, then see if the compiled code does the same thing on different settings (or versus a different compile.) Or, modify the program in a way that should preserve the meaning and see if the compiled code does the same thing.

Fuzzing can be thought of as property based testing.

The key to PBT is that it allows tests to be generated and minimized automatically, enabling enormously larger volumes of tests than if the tests have to be generated manually.