When I lived in Asia as a white guy I was regularly the target of "racism": inflated prices (I was earning local salary), you're automatically "in the wrong" in any conflict even when you did nothing wrong, being a target of theft and government corruption, sometimes just general hostility. But it's not really the same "racism" in the same sense that, say, a black person in the US experiences it, as I can just choose to leave, whereas a black person in the US can't really. In spite of the similarities, in the end the experiences are not the same at all.
This makes all the difference. I'm not saying that what Google is doing is right, but it's just not the same thing at all.
Bigotry of low expectations.
The system definitely was not confined to Reconstruction
At the best, it's a thought-provoking analogy. At the worse, it's a tasteless comparison between software engineering (overwhelmingly lucrative, mostly filled with otherwise well-off people) and a legal loophole for slavery.