Check out Andrew Glassner’s Principles of Digital Image Synthesis, it starts with an overview of color.

http://www.realtimerendering.com/Principles_of_Digital_Image...

Also these days there may be better and more focused resources online if you know where to look.

http://poynton.ca/notes/colour_and_gamma/ColorFAQ.html

http://www.cvrl.org/

https://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/color2.html (https://www.handprint.com/CE/book.html)

https://www.realtimerendering.com/

http://paulbourke.net/miscellaneous/colourspace/ (Old but still useful)

The original compositing paper (which didn’t address issues of perception or non-linearity): https://keithp.com/~keithp/porterduff/p253-porter.pdf