It's similar to the difference between function and algorithm. The former is literally code, and the latter is conceptual.
Many programming languages are distributed with a cohesive framework. For example, Rust is distributed not only with rustc to compile binaries, but also with cargo to manage library dependencies. That doesn't prevent you from using rustc without cargo, though, or even making another rust compiler for GCC, and using GCC's framework.
What is a class definition in an OO language but a way for you to implement some state and some functions in a particular pattern that, when plugged in the framework of the compiled application runtime, will take care of the lifecycle and marshalling of calls to your code?
That meets all the definitions of framework provided by the author.
With that definition all programming languages are frameworks.
The first part of the article defines what the author means by a framework, which is different from libraries, and programming languages in general.