Easier said than done. This style of doing things is very common in large corporate environments such as financial services. The first time anybody works at a place like this they are shocked by all the IT red tape, but it's an interesting (and frustrating) rite of passage. It takes maturity and experience to understand that there is always a reason for "stupid" complications.

These organization should change their infosec posture to support sudo on dev machines as standard issue, especially if you’re issuing laptops. Maybe I’m immature but I’d prefer not to suffer as such for the sake of a “rite of passage” from ages past.

Some organizations still haven’t adjusted their infosec posture to allow git, let alone sudo.

I think it's very easy to not work there, just leave and don't go back. I suspect most people that stick around either don't know any better or do it for the money/status/whatever and not for the technology.

Absolutely unacceptable to not give a developer local root on their own machine. Manage profiles and install logging all you want, but requiring a developer to ask permission to install docker/git/tools they need is not security, it's incompetence.

If your employer won't give you the tools you need to do your job you should find another one. If your IT/security department is there to block you instead of help you get work done, you should also find a new job. I'm not saying walk out the door today, just that you don't deserve to be treated like that.