If Google ships, they know an item was sold and who bought it. They know everything. Their listings can be on a CPA basis rather than CPC for the advertisers (merchants.) The cost for shipping probably could be absorbed by the merchant in much the same way that merchants pay for advertising in the first place.
In the short term, it probably doesn't make much sense. In the long term, Google is probably more interested in cutting out the retail middle man then they are competing with Amazon.
But the core of amazon, google and facebook is: gather all the consumers and their data , and market or sell them stuff.
And the other half of the business is: build marketplaces for vendors , be it books, physical products , ads , etc.But that's relatively easy[1], once you have the consumer side.
[1]for digital products, it's easy: if you have buyers, sellers will flock to your door and infrastructure is relatively easy.
For physical products you can build your own(amazon), you can partner with providers(current google effort) and you can partner with logistics provider(ebay). So even for physical products , it's not that difficult.
Heaven is where the police are British, the lovers French, the mechanics German, the chefs Italian, and it is all organized by the Swiss.
Hell is where the chefs are British, the mechanics French, the lovers Swiss, the police German, and it is all organized by the Italians.
In just the last three years, Google has gotten into mobile devices, social networking and now allegedly e-commerce, Amazon now does full-on computing devices (with Google's OS) and Microsoft has the #2 search engine. This is getting hard to keep track of. And no wonder everyone keeps expecting Facebook to come out with a phone.
This report seems like the oddest one yet. Does a shipping service even qualify as organizing the world's information and making it universally accessible and useful?