Well, "Ostensibly bilateral US foreign policy actions, such as sanctions, can influence third-party compliance with US policy preferences. US sanctions simultaneously signal US preferences and demonstrate leverage, which can motivate third parties to avoid or change proscribed behavior proactively. " [1]

In other words, (US) sanctions have a lot of ways to affect even corporations from third-party countries.

[1] https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/sanctions-and-...

[edit] Perhaps a more readable text is https://www.williamsmullen.com/news/us-sanctions-laws-danger...