Not sure market cap is really the metric here (and only 2 of the top 10 are currently fashion related, the rest is pharma, semiconductor, food, ecommerce, banking, etc.), since those can be easily inflated to completely unreasonable levels and are more an indicator of marketing success than anything else. Maybe take a look at the export statistics and you'll find machines and chemicals taking up a very large fraction.
However much more interesting is how much of the global economy depends on certain companies: Siemens automation (larger market share than the next two competitors combined). Chemicals - BASF is currently the largest chemical producer in the world (with also the largest chemical production complex in the world being located in Germany). Semiconductors - Without ASML, Zeiss and Trumpf (nevermind all the chemical companies) you will have a hard time producing the chips in your iPhone or any modern desktop/laptop. No matter how much I am not a fan, but SAP might also be of relevance in a few companies..
Also Nokia and Ericsson are not gone from the mobile space, they just focus more on the backend stuff. So while your phone might no longer be from them, there is a decent chance that your phone will be talking to a Nokia or Ericsson device over the air (especially since Huawei hit a bit of a snag in the US and parts of the EU).
No, but do you really have a choice? When you're selling tech products, you're competing on the international market, against everyone, including USA and China. If you work 35h/week and you get outmatched by a team who worked 60h/week, the end user will not care, they go for the best one, and the others loose. That's how international competition works.
And if they can deliver a better product at a cheaper price, they get the customers. The customers don't care if the devs who worked on that product are from US, China, or Europe and if they worked 35h/week or 60+.
That's why Europe is so underrepresented in big-tech internationally and the biggest wealthiest European companies are fashion related(LVMH) where the selling point is the name brand without any substance. That's why EU has not developed the iPhone and why Nokia, Ericsson, Sagem, Alcatel are gone from the mobile space.