"you don't need fuel for the descent though"
You can, but it's not a fair comparison. 99.9% of deaths of railroad transport is people killed while crossing rails - e.g. pedestrians.
If you consider rail passengers only, it is far lower than airlines and cars, something on the scale of 2-3 people/year.
Airplanes are cheating in the sense that there are no pedestrians in the air to collide with.
0: https://www.aopa.org/training-and-safety/air-safety-institut...
Interesting stat.
If airliners were only as safe as walking, nobody would use them, because you'd expect to have at least a minor accident (like a sprained ankle) when walking 2000 miles. A similar argument can be made for cars and trains (just a magnitude less distance per trip and consequently a smaller chance of injury).
It's a novel idea in terms of emissions avoidance, though: couple the externalities to personal risk.
But if you try to make that argument on HN, a bunch of people will yell at you about how Boeing and the FAA are evil for putting cost savings over safety.