For me (Firefox 100, Arch Linux) all the options work fine on https://v-fonts.com/fonts/roboto-flex (all of them have _some_ effect, have smooth transitions, and look roughly the same as in Chromium), but on https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Roboto+Flex?query=roboto#t... the only option that does anything is Weight, and that one only snaps into one of three broad categories.
My conclusion was—if my memory is accurate—that there was no way we could use google hosted fonts (you should always self host your fonts anyway if you can) and you needed split files for italics (the italic axis simply doesn’t work consistently across browsers).
EDIT: Here is an article describing the current state of the italics axis in browsers: https://rwt.io/typography-tips/getting-bent-current-state-it...
caniuse reports that Firefox has supported variable fonts since 2018: https://caniuse.com/variable-fonts
EDIT: Firefox's variable fonts support depends on OS support, and so requires at least Windows 10 or macOS 10.13 on the desktop. Apparently, variable fonts support on Linux is "complicated". https://v-fonts.com/support
It does work in both Chrome and Edge, so I don't think it's a general OS issue
Firefox uses the Windows DirectWrite APIs. This means that Firefox leans into the support that Windows has for variable fonts, and that was dicey until a few releases ago.
https://i.imgur.com/dPrjDZZ.png
edit:
@googlefonts says they do not currently support Variable Fonts for Windows Firefox users
https://twitter.com/googlefonts/status/1522775267852181504
> Currently our API doesn't serve any VFs to Windows Firefox users due to a bug in windows DirectWrite mishandling the MVAR table. We are investigating what % of API Windows Firefox users now experience the bug, as it has been fixed in newer versions of Windows 10.