Your fridge is never in that state. Even when the compressor is not working, the fridge is still functioning and performing work. It is sensing temperature and pressure and time and then making decisions based on those inputs.
Your laptop is not performing meaningful work when it is updating while you are away. It can do that in the background while you look at cat pictures.
I believe most fridges use bimetallic thermostats to control a relay to power the pump. And they don't sense pressure or keep track of time.
Modern fridges absolutely keep track of pressure and time.
Can you explain the mechanism by which a fridge unplugged then replugged a minute later sounds like a diesel truck? The compressor pumps aren't continuous duty, they spend most of the time powered off anyway.
edit: I did some web searching and the only mention of wait times before plugging in a fridge I can find is waiting a few hours before plugging in a fridge if it was stored on its side. Unless you're also flipping your fridge over when you power cycle it, I don't understand why there should be any problems.
Your fridge compressor shouldn't be running 24/7, and it should mostly be on standby until temperature rises.