To be more evolved, means to be more changed from the source. It means specialization for a specific scenario. Often "more evolved" can be "worse" once the environment changes, and that specialization becomes a disadvantage instead of an advantage. Or that a change brings one benefit but another potentially larger pitfall in the long run.
The amount of evolution should be measured in iteration cycles, how much change over how much time. It's also possible that something iterated many many times quickly long in the past and then stopped, vs something that just started making changes more recently.
Who said that? There are tons of newer than us leafs (organisms that evolved after we did).
If you mean "but there are no futher evolved human ancestors", that's not an exception: that's the same case with almost all current animals.
With 'last' parent meant 'last with respect to that order', not necessarily in the sense of 'older' and 'newer' (which correlates with this order, as you pointed out).
I meant leaf nodes in the sense of the tree data structure, so I think we are saying exactly the same thing.
> If you mean "but there are no futher evolved human ancestors", that's not an exception: that's the same case with almost all current animals.
Yes that's exactly what I meant with the second part of my comment.