The features you listed on the API side have almost all come in before competitors have tried to offer similar features - it's seriously impressive.
Indeed, the prevelance of Steam API is such that competing game markets have to make their own replacement Steam.dll, so that the gamedevs dont have to change anything.
Also Valve was a game company first, and i believe developed the first of these technologies for Half-life 2.
- Valve used Half-life 2 to bootsrap Steam (HL2 install disc came with steam)
- Use Steam to provide online services to HL2
- Then the users of HL2 become Steam users (or the sosial network of Steam, as we say today)
- Expose API to other game companies, which brings more Games, and Users
- Add features and keep ahead of competition
- Alot of the features also come from the fact that Valve develops games, and makes the features for themself first, and then exposes them to everybody through Steam API
And I’m not even talking about Counter Strike: Source, quite a few other influential titles including CoD:MW2 required steam for play on PC.
- Steam was first, and because of that;
- They have all the features (both for users, and gamedevs)
- They have all the Games
- They have all the Users
In particular, in the Gamedev side, Steam is not a Storefront, they are a platform, much like say, Xbox Live or PSN. For example Steam provides:
- Friends
- Leaderboard
- Chat (Text and Voice)
- Multiplayer/Network api, which handles routing and NAT punch through
- Update/Install delivery globally
- Savegame cloud sync
- etc, etc
Steam docs are actually public, so go take a look: https://partner.steamgames.com/doc/features
If you develop your game for Steam, then Steam does a lot of heavy lifting for you.