Re:Moderna’s HIV vaccine has officially begun human trials
by lamontcg on Monday January 31, 2022 @08:56PM
(#30157671)
Viral vector vaccines are going to stimulate the innate and intrinsic immune system and you're going to get things like IL-6 release and apoptosis of the "infected" cells without generating any humoral repsonse to produce T-cells, B-cell and neutralizing antibodies.
mRNA vaccines are particularly useful because you can substitute bases with N1-methylpseudouridine which makes them identify as "self" by TLRs and doesn't generate counter-productive innate immune responses. You do need an adjuvant so that the cell produces more MHC displaying the antigen and attracts lymphocytes but the nanoparticle works to do that.
The result is a very small message payload to the immune system that targets the correct system. Viral vectors all have more "stuff" all over them which are going to trip other parts of the immune system (or cause side effects like the PF6 interaction with the Adenovirus capsid that is responsible for the rare clotting effects).
mRNA vaccines are particularly useful because you can substitute bases with N1-methylpseudouridine which makes them identify as "self" by TLRs and doesn't generate counter-productive innate immune responses. You do need an adjuvant so that the cell produces more MHC displaying the antigen and attracts lymphocytes but the nanoparticle works to do that.
The result is a very small message payload to the immune system that targets the correct system. Viral vectors all have more "stuff" all over them which are going to trip other parts of the immune system (or cause side effects like the PF6 interaction with the Adenovirus capsid that is responsible for the rare clotting effects).