In my experience it works just fine. For example, using a geography deck to learn the location, flag, capital city, etc. of every country in the world. It also worked well when I taught my kids the multiplication table, the NATO phonetic alphabet, and so on.
> To create a cloze deletion note, select the Cloze note type, and type some text into the "Text" field. Then drag the mouse over the text you want to hide to select it, and click the [… ]
Select the Cloze note type, where exactly? I've searched both AnkiDroid and AnkiWeb (I was thinking that maybe I could creat cards from my computer and use them on my phone) and I can't find any button to make a note a "Cloze note".
Here is a video that walks you through it:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d__MjidDz8c
When you create a card, it should say Card Type or Type at the top. By default, this is on Basic. Click it and you can switch to Cloze. Then highlight the text and click the [...] icon in the toolbar.
See the Cloze Deletion section: https://docs.ankiweb.net/editing.html
2. Try to make the cards into real-world examples. For instance, don't add the conjugation table, create example sentences for each of the conjugations and make each one a card. For foreign languages, I try to add audio to my flashcards, too.
3. Always make your own cards. Downloading premade decks never works and you miss part of the learning process.
4. For things that don't necessarily lend themselves to being on a flashcard, don't just write the information. Try to frame it in terms of a question and/or in a form that mimics the context in which you'd use the information.
For example, let's say you want to memorize the periodic table. Don't just write:
Carbon - Atomic Number: 6, Chemical Symbol: C, etc.
Instead, create cards with questions like:
What is the sixth element on the periodic table?, Is carbon before or after nitrogen?, What element has the chemical symbol C? and so on.
The more "viewpoints" you have of the topic, the better. I've found this to be a solid approach for virtually any topic.