Blue noise is useful for procedural generation, because it's what the human eye will naturally consider the “most randon” and the most pleasant. IIRC red noise appears when you have random walks or Brownian motion.

> As a chemist, I always model real-world noise with a gaussian distribution

Gaussian distribution is what you get when you have a lot of independent random events adding up (it's the central limit theorem), so it applies a lot in real life but it can also cause modeling issues if it's not how randomness appears in your system. (Please note that I have absolutely no knowledge on chemistry so I have no idea if it's something that could be relevant in your field)