Edit: forgot link
[1] https://www.epi.org/publication/ib348-trends-us-work-hours-w...
If we define work as "hours spent doing something", then potentially. But I like my first definition better.
https://www.businessinsider.com/stress-effect-on-aging-healt...
Responsibilities cause stress, but power to address those responsibilities mitigates it somewhat. CEO's have much more of that power than middle managers do.
https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/employee-re...
Perhaps, though that effect must be offset by other things (and/or access to healthcare), since the life expectancy based on income graph is monotonically increasing for both genders.
http://www.equality-of-opportunity.org/health/
My hunch is that the well off might have stress on the job (though again, this is a subset of well-paid positions, and I think the subset is actually smaller than you think), but everyone else has a lot more stress outside of the job which is much more important. The stress associated with poverty cannot be understated - it lowers IQ by ~15 points.
(Poverty and IQ: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/making-sense/analysis-h...)
In theory ultra high wealth buys the luxury of leisure. In practice, in the US today, leisure monotonically decreases with income and wealth. By far the bottom quintile works much fewer hours than the top 1%.