Brings back sweet memories of Multics[0], which predated Unix by quite a bit:
My first experience with such setup was the DG/UX at the university campus, where we had a mix of classical green/ambar phosphor terminals, and a couple of X-Windows thin clients from IBM to connect to it.
Regarding Multics, it was a failure only for Bell Labs themselves, as the project kept going and had still a couple of years for itself.
The cloud + browser is back to the future.