No it wasn't.
UNIX world had sandboxing via stuff like Tru64 and HP-UX vaults, while the cloud kind stuff kind of traces back to IBM System 360 capabilities, later improved in z/VM.
>cloud kind stuff kind of traces back to IBM System 360 capabilities
Yes true with VM/370 (today called z/VM) released in 1972, but it's not directly the same, however pretty impressive what IBM did (in the past)
One can test-drive it from here:
Plan9 was also far ahead with sandboxing by having namespaces, which means you can expose restricted views of the "filesystem" to each process. Since in plan9 there's no ioctls and every resource access is simply read/write syscall (even networking!), restricting the "filesystem" is all you need to restrict what a process can do on your system.