> unless you're like carrying a gun and executing them after the conflict is over or something like that

I think that's safely out of bounds of "bonafide self-defense" :)

Yes, but it's a substantial proportion of the cases where people were charged.

Like the recent case where the guy was shot while they had their hands up and were backing away from the person with the gun.

Me: "it's immoral that we charge people for defending themselves"

You: "we often charge people for attacking people too"

I'm not sure if you think you're rebutting my point, or if you're just going off on an unrelated tangent?

Not "we often ... too" but that cases of convicting people for bonafide self-defense are actually very rare and we mostly do it for people who were closer to murder than self-defense.