Further, you don't run hard realtime applications on a normal OS. Preemptive multitasking can cause a userspace program to drift out of sync, or have other side effects - for example.
There is a pretty well known RTOS but the name is escaping me.
You wouldn't really benefit from prototyping on the pi as a lot of that software has to be purpose built for the hardware.
There is a lot of medical equipment out there that's running Windows. FWIW, I have one next to me right now that uses Linux for its UI.
When it comes to experimenting and prototyping I think it is. The lower the learning curve the more cross polinations take place, projects and ideas get shared.
Clearly RPI is not optimal for clinical machinery that is supposed to run unattended by engineers in the real world but for prototyping why not?
If you "prototype" for raspi, you will have to completely start from scratch if you want to manufacture reliable devices later on. It's not like porting a program from one system to another.