I know that I cannot access my protonmail email under a wide variety of circumstances that I make efforts to avoid. Two of them involve forgetting complicated passwords, either of which would render my entire (historical) email vault unreadable. But it could absolutely be security theater.

What I have no idea about is Google. Do they even need to do anything targeting you in order to decrypt the data or not? Obviously they can modify your software with a remote update such that they can capture your decryption password, but that's a lot more work than querying a database and using a master key that Google has on hand for this sort of thing.