Spread of sars-cov-2 in human populations can be stopped. It first requires intramuscular vaccination to provide IgG antibodies in the body proper to prevent serious disease and then just as importantly, an intranasal vaccination to provide resident B and T cells in the surface mucosa tissues of the upper respiratory tract where the B cells will make local IgA antibodies and provide sterilizing immunity and prevent spread from person to person.

Intranasal boosters are the one obvious thing we could do top-down to end the pandemic and only have to deal with epidemics.

ref: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6553/397

ref: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/long-term-evoluti... page 5, #8. "Whilst we feel that current vaccines are excellent for reducing the risk of hospital admission and disease, we propose that research be focused on vaccines that also induce high and durable levels of mucosal immunity in order to reduce infection of and transmission from vaccinated individuals. This could also reduce the possibility of variant selection in vaccinated individuals."

ref: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-021-00550-x