There was a disinformation campaign against Hydroxychloroquine as well. In the failed JAMA study, they administered a nearly toxic dose at late stage patients (when there's no viral replication). This is now being investigated [1].

The largest peer-reviewed study on HCQ (29K patients) showed 70% reduction in death with early treatment. [2]

1. https://www.moneytimes.com.br/heinze-pede-a-pf-que-investigu... (In Portuguese)

2. https://c19hcq.com/mokhtari.html