So what would they know that we don't? Hedge fund and industry analysts also pay a lot of attention to domestic and international production. Even stuff like public company shareholders meetings have a lot of insight.

The issue I would be more concerned with is the overall structure of the economy. For example, only 15% of money lending goes to actual production use. The other 85% is just a house of cards that is lending to be lent again, or invested in nonproductive ways. Basically moneylending inception.

The most obvious example would be military-related. The government would know a lot more than the private sector about troop movement, ordinance production, deployment of assets (fighter jets, naval fleets), sabotage plans. Pretty much anything that is being intentionally hidden from public view by other parties is potentially known about by the government.

Even things like water levels of various bodies around the world are data points the military tracks (food shortages lead to strife) but aren't really easy for civilians to get.

"private sector about troop movement, ordinance production, deployment of assets (fighter jets, naval fleets), sabotage plans"

I don't see these as playing a big role in the economy unless a fight between superpowers breaks out. The contracts for the items involved in these are generally well known.