As someone who got a CS degree in the early 2010s, I both 1) agree wholeheartedly that engineers should learn to critique work effectively and 2) disagree that engineers aren't taught this in school. At least my degree program included some efforts at code critiques and reviews.

At multiple instances both early and late in the degree program, I was required to offer feedback as part of class assignments. This started with the first "Foundations of Programming" class, in which we'd submit written code reviews of other students' programming assignments as homework assignments. The professor/TAs would evaluate our reviews and provide their own feedback on how to write more effective code reviews. My senior year I had an entire "Software Engineering Lab" course, which required code review notes along with other deliverables for the course (team) project. Again, guidance was provided from the instructor on how to do effective code reviews.