In addition to Geometry Nodes [0], and the "Everything Nodes" initiative [1], you might be interested in Sverchok [2] too, which implements this kind of graph-based parametric/procedural modeling technique.

[0]: https://docs.blender.org/manual/en/latest/modeling/geometry_...

[1]: https://wiki.blender.org/wiki/Source/Nodes/EverythingNodes

[2]: http://nortikin.github.io/sverchok/