So it’s a bit of “why we can’t have nice things”. It’s not the system as much as people taking advantage of social permissivity for individual benefit.
Cheaters think they are the meritocracy. They think they are smart and resourceful.
Is it cheating or just being savvy if a farmer wires his new building to the 1999 NEC instead of the 2021 NEC since a copy of the 1999 one is $20 on eBay and omits some grounding requirements that are onerous for outbuildings.
Is it cheating or just following the spirit of the rule if a middle manager avoids a problem be skipping the process-required approval for a time sensitive change to something when it's exactly the kind of thing the higher up would approve in a heartbeat?
Cheating vs non-cheating isn't a binary thing. People have degrees to which they're willing to fudge stuff.
Highly skilled people cheat to get little bit more advantage against other highly skilled people. And it is harder to catch them, because the ability demonstrated in some situations means everyone will go out of way to excuse them.
Highly skilled people cheating also means that only cheaters can rise to the top of competition.
When you shift to things that aren't gamified, such as project based education, I there is little to no "cheating" because cheating is an artifact of the game design.
Maybe also related to gambling. People who feel they don't otherwise have a shot at getting something better or competing.