In Germany, it's called a TüV-Inspektion by the Technische Überwachungsverein. Even unmodified cars have to get certified in regular intervals to ensure they're still street-worthy. Of course you may still tinker with your car, and do all you want with it on private land, and you can get quite a few modifications certified, but flashing some firmware image from Github on safety-critical systems definitely wouldn't get through.