There is a lot of research showing lower scores for tests for BIPOC, even from kindergarten where there isn't a clear education gap already established.

There's also a lot of history of using these types of tests to discriminate - at the worst Nazi's killing children with low scores.

https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-black-white-test-scor...

https://www.ted.com/talks/stefan_c_dombrowski_the_dark_histo...