The designer responsible for an alarm wants to avoid being blamed for the operator missing that specific alarm so they're incentivized to make their alarm as prominent as they can get away with. Of course once most designers are doing that then they have to keep doing it or risk get drowned out.
One way to fix that is by having someone who is responsible for the entire experience who can dictate shared prioritization, requirements, alerting frameworks, rate limiters, etc. In cases where the operator uses multiple products from different companies (e.g. in a hospital) that's especially hard which is why there's a cacophony of noise even though everyone involved acknowledges that it's a problem.
Somehow this works just fine in telecom. I was handling equipment from DSC, Alcatel, Fujitsu, Marconi, Rockwell, Cerent, Nortel, Pirelli, CarrierAccess, Tellabs, Cisco, ADC, Lucent, and more. There are Telcordia and NEBS standards for alarm severity and wiring, and everything just works when you hook it up. Does the medical industry not have standards?
Ref:
https://www.ecri.org/alarm-safety-handbook
https://www.jointcommission.org/resources/patient-safety-top...
Most telephone hardware has some form of self-checking and fault detection. Alarms are classified into "minor" and "major", sometimes also "power" or "critical". Each piece of equipment has its own alarm indicator lamps, and contacts for external alarms as well. Typically the external contacts are wired to both an "aisle light" which aggregates all the equipment in that lineup, and a floor-wide or section-wide "alarm sounder". When the sounder goes off, you look down the aisle to see which lineup has the trouble, then walk down the lineup to find the individual unit and address the problem.
But first, you push the ACO button. The alarm cutoff button silences the sounder, which won't come back on unless something new happens. ACO also tells the other workers that someone is on the case.
Crucially, it preserves attention. If the sounder was going the whole time someone was working on a repair, nothing would ever get done, because the workers would be down at the corner bar trying to get some sanity back.