I've heard from colleagues in the (US) medical industry that there are guidelines from the likes of AAMI and ECRI but few real "requirements". My second-hand understanding is that it's largely dependent on how much leverage the end-users (doctors and nurses) have to dictate system requirements and how much leverage the hospital system has with respect to negotiating with suppliers.

Ref:

https://www.ecri.org/alarm-safety-handbook

https://www.jointcommission.org/resources/patient-safety-top...