There is clearly an opportunity cost with HFTs, and I would hypothesize that at a certain point there is a better ROI in other fields for those people. There should be diminishing returns to investments in HFT, right?
This is such a theoretical argument and my conclusions are based mainly on the idea that if there is no utility people would not pay for it. It does seem ridiculous that moving 3ms faster wins you so much, but I'm just not convinced that there is definitely no utility there. Often economic utility is very hard to intuitively recognize -- often it is not recognized until people start intervening in the market and bad things start happening. If you ask computer scientists which jobs are useless, provide no utility, and should be eliminated, they would eliminate huge sections of the economy.
You are saying there is always some utility. Ok fine, but it gets arbitrarily close to 0. In the case of HFT there is also some cost (brain-drain for proprietary R&D, power drain for datacenters, etc.). Which outweighs which? What timescale do we have to get to? We are already well below it.