1. When was this entered into
2. What there "good and valuable consideration" exchanged and what was it?
3. Are there any other projects in an agreement like this?
Edit: Great resource, still reading through it and the many links: https://kde.org/community/whatiskde/kdefreeqtfoundation/
It's not hard at all. You can add them to some directory with your app, or they can be behind some url, or you can mail them physically in a USB stick to anyone who requests them by mail or phone.
You just have to be able to provide them if somebody wants them. In reality nobody ever wants them. It's just some directory with gpl-stuff/ you add to your software.
How hard it is to have some binaries lying around?
You mentioned LTO. Don't the LLVM and GCC LTO implementations currently involve outputting compiler IR to object files, then running the optimization passes against the full collection of object files prior to linking? So they inherently collect all the object files together in a linkable form.
(Of course, it's probably more efficient to just dynamically link Qt and pay for a license if you want to publish for iOS.)
What they have done in last year is to retreat to the minimum they need to do to comply. They can't stop distributing the LGPL version or alter the deal anymore.
Unlike what you hear you can make commercial closed source software and link LGPL binaries dynamically or statically, makes no difference. You just need to have to provide linkable object files to comply. Just stuff them into some /gpl_comply/ directory and be done with it.