Pfizer release their data ahead of Moderna. How is Moderna "ahead"?

And no, stability testing happens pretty early on. Pfizer would have definitely collected enough data at this point to say whether or not their vaccine is stable at higher temperatures.

Pfizer released a press release, but as far as I can tell that isn't as much data. Given the time I'd guess that the mathematicians at Moderna worked all weekend crunching numbers and writing a paper (which is what I'd do if I was a statistician there).

Pfizer is big enough to have/let a PR department do a press release during business hours. Of course given that Pfizer did a press release first Moderna for PR reasons needed to release more data to make a bigger splash.

No matter how you look at it, there is important data that will be in the FDA (and equivalent in other countries) submission that we don't have. There could be a "thats funny" thing burred, though odds are against it.

As far as I can tell, the Pfizer and Moderna "data releases" are identical. Basically press releases giving the top line result.

Pfizer hit their interim analysis point before Moderna did, but only by a few days.

They are not identical, unless (unknown to me, but possible) Pfizer has released more since the initial press release. Pfizer (again at least in the initial release) said a number of infections, and "at least 90% effective". Moderna released a number of infections and the number in that who got the placebo vs vaccine.

The difference is not very big, but to those who like numbers it is big enough.

I mean that Moderna has more data on storage than pfizer. They've been working on mrna vaccines for quite some time.