That's basically how offshore windfarms work. Electricity generation firms place wind turbines offshore where there is usually stronger wind. Having windfarms specifically for hurricanes wouldn't be viable since hurricanes strike infrequently and in different locations.

Well, maybe you need mobile devices. Or, more exotic, a way to influence the hurricane path...

This is an amusing variant on the perennial favourite, how to extract energy from lightning strikes.

I haven't seen this question asked about tsunamis, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.

But it's only a matter of time.

Don't see how that could be viable/worth it without significant battery peaker capacity installed.

For this issue at least one can run water electrolysis and store hydrogen?

It will never be worth building an energy capture system where ~100% of the capacity sits unused ~100% of the time.