Re:Listen to Your Key: Towards Acoustics-based Physical Key ...
by speakeron on Wednesday August 19, 2020 @08:32AM
(#24209720)
The birthday problem isn't applicable here, because you're trying to match a specific combination rather than looking for any matching pair. So the average number of attempts needed is indeed 4096/2.
This is the same as the difference between a preimage (specific input) attack and a collision (any pair of inputs) attack on a hash algorithm[1].
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_problem