It's not. Spanish and Portuguese people are European, but in the US they're "Hispanic", and so not really "white". Conversely, people from Turkey, the Middle East, and North Africa frequently get lumped in as "white".

No they are not. The Hispanic category is usually explicitly clarified to be "Non European Origin".

Portugal is a fuzzy area, but according to the OMB definition and for the purposes of the US Census people from Spain are Hispanic:

> The OMB defines Hispanic or Latino as “a person of Cuban, Mexican,Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race.

This is the definition generally used by all US federal agencies.

See https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf

Where? UC doesn't handle it that way

That's not universal. I have Brazilian family members of Portuguese descent who think of themselves as non-hispanic "white" and have Brazilian Portuguese as their first language. And a few others in the same side of the family with darker skin who I believe identify as black.

Yet I would probably have made the same classification you did without knowing them.

The large diversity in culture, race and even language of "Hispanic" makes it worthless as any kind of rational grouping.

Brazilians are Latin and definitely not Hispanic. Latin is not a racial term (and that's why Brazilians tend to find the racialized term "Latino" as used in the US repellent), and has nothing to do with your appearance or genes: it means you speak a language that was derived from Latin as a first language. Angolans are Latin, the French are Latin, Romanians are Latin, etc. Some Swiss are Latin, some are not. So, Brazilians can be Latin, White and non-Hispanic all at once.

Hispanic is something related to Spain. Spaniards are definitely Hispanic, Colombians, Argentines, etc. are (in a more distant sense) Hispanic.

"Hispanic" is not considered a racial term by the US government. It's an ethnicity that can be applied to any race. It is, however, considered a minority group for various purposes.

I know many South Americans, Brazilians in particular, don't like the label as used by the US government. I also know native Spaniards who have embraced it.

Latino/Latina/Latinx is it's own brand of controversial in the communities it is applied to. Regardless, in the US it has never been applied to people unless their heritage traces back to the Iberian peninsula.

Caucasian is an odd term...

Honestly, most race/culture terms seem weird to me: Caucasian (random geographical area), white (tan-pink), black (brown), African-American (regardless of being from Africa, or being American in some cases), native American (as opposed to immigrants?), Asian (sure, the biggest continent can be lumped together)... I assume it's from trying to describe a very complicated combination of factors in a single term, but the results do not make my programmer's brain happy.

It's not because you've got a programmer brain. It's because these categories are truly stupid but academics and other people in a position to challenge then will not out of fear of ostracization.

A truly non-racist policy would be to remove these ridiculous categories from any official documentation. European countries do not need to rely on these stupid labels to implement social welfare.