I had issues, when tried to search in a very long <textarea> with scrollbar. Firefox was able to find only currently visible occurrences. That was not a viewport issue, of course, but looks very similar. Would love to know more about all this.
There are two ways you can see it:
1. Open a DOM debugger, select an element in a tweet, scroll down. Eventually the element disappears.
2. In Firefox, scroll down, right click, "Take a screenshot", "Complete page". You'll see tweet far from the viewport, as well as header and sidebars are invisible.
The motivation is probably to make it faster, but it's unclear to me why removing (and later re-adding) elements in Javascript would be more efficient than the browser internally dealing with it.
[0] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Viewport
Depends on the search engine. And Ctrl-F is already unusable on Twitter Web anyway, because it only works on tweets in the viewport (or close to it)