If you need a fast hot reload, it isn't trivial in other languages. PHP does it with no effort. Save and refresh runs the updated code instantly, not to mention asking people to run PHP app is far easier as every general hosting provider has PHP installed.
On the other hand, language structure is quite behind others but can't blame when it had been around since 20+ years ago.
The new type hinting is so basic, not sure how realistically useful it is compared to typing in TypeScript.
Hot reloading works the same for all languages I know, which is a hardcoded port pushing notifications to clients that they should reload the browser.
The client is mostly a js library or a browser plugins. Either works.
I know it's also used differently in some contexts, but they wouldn't apply here as far as I can tell. There aren't any long running processes that need to reload the code after all. It's only read when is actually executed. Which is never unless you use the hot reloading I was talking about earlier... Or trigger it manually, making it a regular reload.
most examples of why php is so easy to deploy show it with hello world examples you'd never encounter in the wild.
yes, you can edit the php code directly on the server that is executing it. just like with python, nodejs, ruby ... and even java if you're not worrying about scalability.
there is really very little difference if you ignore the fact that it gets hard with the codesize and the environment in which the service is deployed in. the language is almost always the smallest challenge.
and fwiw, i'm definitely not "against" php in any way. i think ssr script languages are wonderful for easy development - especially if you combine them with something like intercoolerJS for interactivity. extremely easy to get started and you're even able to make ssr-"components" by just fetching each segment separately, which isn't really any overhead with HTTP2 nowadays.
As for node.js, I set up pm2 to watch for file changes and restart ts-node process and this takes a few seconds, which is slower than I can hit alt-tab back to the browser, which is annoying to see 'Bad Gateway' error page quite often, not to mention embarrassing to explain and help set it up to someone new to other languages than PHP.
PHP is instant and I'd like to know if there's a solution in node.js that can do the same.
That's a very big If in PHP's case.
It does a few things and does them well.
Catch up to other languages? You can easily argue the opposite, that other languages has finally catched up to PHP, ease of deployment, ease of horizontal scaling, fast reload/build time, built in string templating, simplified variable syntax (auto, var), etc
I can go on, but if you already framed the question to the disadvantage of one party you will not really get a fair answer.