If Delphi never managed much on the server side, it has more to do with the downfall from Borland than anything else.
So ASP + COM would be ASP.NET with COM+ Runtime instead.
It needed to be an open source cross-platform compiler to be truly viable in the Linux ecosystem, and Linux would be needed to compete with Windows and its licensing fees. Anything other than C# is always a step or two behind on .NET, and .NET was the best route to web apps on Windows.
The only reason AOT is coming back for web apps is FaaS, IMO. FaaS works best with minimal boot-up latency, and FaaS delivers operationally as a way to scale out stateless compute on demand, which optimally means acquiring those compute resources just for the duration of a request or job, and no longer.
Native would have chased the declining native GUI market.