Your common high end DSLR definitely outresolves 35mm film nowadays, especially at higher ISOs. It’s not a 1:1 comparison, but film does have grain and that grain size is the “limit” of the data.

That said medium format film and larger would still be hard to beat.

As far as tonality, a modern sensor should also have greater dynamic range than almost all film. They do behave differently though - highlights are harder to overexposed on film but dark areas are easier to underexpose, compared to digital.

In theory, if you had the money and incentive, you should be able to develop films that are much higher resolution than current digital hardware? Like the large format films you refer to.