For me, the browser has way more baggage as a runtime than Java ever could. I've only ever found working on top of the JVM a massive boon, and I don't feel at any point I've had to have a deep understanding of different garbage collectors etc. The most complicated thing I've ever needed to do is increase the maximum heap size. In exchange for that I get access to an enormous ecosystem of industrial strength code for free.

I agree with this, Clojure being hosted means you have to understand the host decently enough. This is a downside and an upside since Java and JS are large, popular ecosystems. But in some cases I wish there was the option to just compile a binary. As for now, I can’t recommend the language to people who don’t already now Java and/or JS. (Maybe WASM/WASI will open this door at some point.)

There is now an option to compile a binary, it uses GraalVM native-image technology

We're growing a scripting ecosystem in Clojure now thanks to this, it's still relatively new

As a newcomer, I've made several native binaries for different operation systems

GraalVM does not solve the reliance on the underlying host (JVM, Java) problem.

Well that depends what you define the host problem to be

End users can certainly run Clojure programs natively without having the JVM installed on their machine

You can do that without Graal using jpackage. The only boon of Graal is native binaries and interop. But if you want to ship the JVM the user doesn't need it installed.

I wonder if native apps built with Graal or jpackage could be accepted at the Apple macOS and Windows app stores?

Graal probably. Apple seems to not like JITs so shipping the JVM might be out of the question.

And the 'problem' is not a problem at all.

Are you watching projects like Janet language? For me, JVM is a nonstarter in any capacity, but I welcome that PLT circles are learning from Clojure's design choices and that other lisps are increasingly feasible.

It's not clojure, but it's clojure-ish enough that it can be pleasantly productive for little scripting tasks and smaller problems.

Another language with a syntax similar to Clojure is the Hy language built on Python (I just released a book on Hy https://leanpub.com/hy-lisp-python so I admit positive bias for the language). I used to use Clojure a lot for two consulting customers and I need to try it again. I think the project libpython-clj https://github.com/clj-python/libpython-clj looks very interesting for those of us who like Lisp and need access to deep learning tools.

I can imagine to a degree, I have zero experience with Javascript and I found the practice of getting a Clojurescript REPL very complicated.

Once I was set up I quickly became effective, though I do tend to stay within the bounds of Cljs and avoid the host where I can.

Yeah CLJS REPLs are a pain point currently (if you use Cursive specifically) Emacs and Atom and some others are much easier, that said a lot of people start with the hot code reloading since that experience is really nice and works out the box for Shadow-cljs or Figwheel

Then eventually set up their REPLs, I know Cursive is working on this though and the nice thing there is you always have access to the "standard library" provided by the Google Closure compiler all of JS and then all of CLJS and all of npm and all of CLJS's libraries

The only reliance you have is on libraries that are often battle tested, well engineered, and cover any project space. Quite different from some other ecosystems I won't mention.... of course YMMV.

If you're more at home in the .NET world, there's ClojureCLR:

https://github.com/clojure/clojure-clr