I think the emotions and really the whole operation of the mental states is reasonable, but not internally logical. They arise in predictable patterns from experiences and so on, but they can very easily override logic. To understand your emotions, you have to see and admit you aren't the nice logical person you might have expected.

they will be understood someday, but only by highly advanced mathematical models developed through machine learning.

models which humans will not actually be capable of understanding.

Decades ago, my coworkers and I would draw FSMs of our mgmt on the white board with cryptic lables. While they did get complicated they were understandable.