Changing headlines is discouraged in https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html ("Otherwise please use the original title, unless it is misleading or linkbait; don't editorialize.")

This is a link to a scientific journal, so the context is experts in the field that are familiar with the jargon. If you look at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3063466/ it's a fairly technical term that roughly means "obesity".

The title on HN right now is not the title of the article (“ Whole milk compared with reduced-fat milk and childhood overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis”).

You are completely right, looks like they took the first line of the conclusion instead. Thank you!

Is it really such an uncommon term? I've once seen a comedian get quite a laugh with that word. Although to be fair my parents both work in the health field, so I can't claim to have an unbiased experience in this case.

I would expect that for the Washington Post, but this is the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; it’s target audience are not laymen.

Agreed. How about this tldr:

low fat milk makes you fat

You can have an updoot for that.