For example: public spending per person in the UK is < £10,000 per year, which is much less than I pay in taxes. And I would estimate that I'm well below average in terms of spending received: I don't have children, don't have any large medical expenses, etc.
Of course, my cost to society will rise as I get older, but on average I would estimate that I'm paying at least twice (and probably many times more than) what I'm taking. And yet the current trend is for half of society to say that I'm not paying my 'fair share'. I'm not sure what definition of fairness they're using, but it's not mine.
Additionally your two examples are both high density countries, and may not generalize to a country like the UK. Also worth noting that these countries give up a fair bit in civil liberties.
Politicians always just want to raise taxes instead of raising their tax efficiency rating.
However, if you need the police to help you, you are already getting something back. If someone else needs the police and the police catch the criminal who would have made you their next target, you are getting a benefit.
Now scale that up to the whole country. If you take part in a society where there is generally law and order — and moreover a society where everyone can read and write and some of them can manage air traffic control, and roads exist and people have the skills to build cars and sell them to you — well now you are taking part in the benefits of a society which would not exist without public spending, paid for with taxes.