in Europe, one study:
> we estimate that close to 40% of multinational profits are shifted to tax havens globally each year. The non-haven European Union countries appear to be the main losers from this shifting.
ref: https://www.nber.org/papers/w24701
also ref: "swiss sidestep" and how multinationals basically launder money thru Switzerland:
https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/oureconomy/transfer-mispric...
lastly that Swiss banks actively obstructed justice during Obama's DOJ investigation. then the US sent them money to bail them out, allowing Credit Suisse/UBS to largely escape 2008 financial meltdown and continue to help wealthy US individuals evade taxes. to be fair this has changed as Switzerland is way more hostile to US tax evasion now, but they don't have a good record here.