I agree. Get an international body with 50% +1 voting rules, proportional to people represented (say, 1 for every 5e6 living humans, including minors). Get a carbon certificate system up, where there is exactly 1 way to create certificates: permanently sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. I.e., grow plants, char them, and bury the coal deep enough to convince the international carbon committee that the cover won't erode for some minimum time (something above 1e7 years, I'd suggest), or something as effective. Find a way to sanction local governments that don't enforce the need for carbon certificates when digging up stored carbon/burning down (old?) forests/etc. . I think mutual economic sanctions against the local government by way of a full (Maybe except imports of basic grains and such into the offending area, if the international carbon commission deems them at risk of famine otherwise. Also medicine and medical equipment deemed essential. Possibly with international ground troop supervision/fact-checking in cases where abusing the embargo loophole would be significant, i.e. spare electronics.) trade embargo between the offender and the rest of the world. There might be reasons to use a selective embargo instead, which allows imports of technology for zero/net-negative carbon industry, along with 1:1 export quotas to pay for the imports. Likely coupled by way of 1:1 exchanges of container loads, i.e. export this heap of containers, in exchange for importing this heap of containers with "green" technology/medicine/food, but no money changing hands there.

To be fair though, it might actually be possible to found the international carbon commission in a technocratic way, obviously without any way to enforce anything at the start, but a sort of small founding group that serves to organize the first year/first years of meetings, building the physical place, managing funding from the benevolent technocrats, etc.